The main active constituents of red agaric are muscarine (a toxin), ibotenic acid, muscimol, and bufotenin (toxins-hallucinogens).

Ibotenic Acid
Is a chemical compound found naturally in the fruiting bodies of some fly agaric species. Along with muscimol, it is one of the main active ingredients in fly agaric red, panther, and a number of others. It is psychoactive and neurotoxic.
When drying hats (temperature should not exceed 80°C), ibotenic acid is decarboxylated to muscimol, the main hallucinogenic component of fly agaric red.
The presence of ibotenic acid and muscimol also explain the insecticidal effect of fly agaric.


Muscimol
Produced by red, panther, royal and bright yellow fly agarics, along with muscarin, muscazone and ibotenic acid.
The cellular structure of this substance is also close to the neurotransmitter, only different. GAMK or GABA is gamma-aminobutyric acid. Muscimol, like GABA, suppresses excitement. It has a sedative, relaxing effect, reduces anxiety, improves mood and can cause a pleasant feeling of mild euphoria. The principle of action is similar to that of strong tranquilizers, except that muscimol is a natural product.

Bufotenine
A substance of the tryptamine class. Structurally similar to serotonin, a major neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. It is an alkaloid found in the skin of toads, in some species of fly agaric, in plants, and in several other amphibians and fish. Bufotenin and its derivatives have hallucinogenic and paralyzing effects, and increase blood pressure.
Bufotenin is a component of the venom of toads of the genus Bufo, including species such as Bufo alvarius and Bufo marinus.
Toad venom extract containing bufotenin and other biologically active constituents has been used in folk medicine for centuries.
According to some reports, toad skin has sometimes been used as a street psychedelic.

Muscarin
A deadly alkaloid. It makes the fly agaric poisonous. However, to get a lethal dose, one would have to eat about 4 kg of fly agaric. Fatal cases of fly agaric poisoning are therefore extremely rare. When boiled, muscarin is released in a decoction, but when dried, it remains in the cap.
However, its percentage (0.02%) is so small that it does not play a significant role in small doses.
When the caps are dried, muscarine also remains in the mushroom, but given the small amount of caps used (usually 2-3), the amount of muscarine entering the body is so negligible that its effect is completely masked by the hallucinogenic components.


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